Fixed-premium insurers behind Iran-trading sanctioned tankers
The Pacific Maritime Club Limited, whose ownership by an Iranian marine surveyor was disputed, and East of England P&I Association Ltd which operates from a GoDaddy website in Bulgaria and cannot be traced, provided P&I cover for tankers flagged to San Marino and Panama
The rise of fixed premium providers with unknown financial status and backing highlights flag registries’ absence of due diligence into marine insurers facilitating the trade of elderly tankers in sanctioned Russian, Iranian and Venezuelan oil